Fabulous Long Island

It is no secret that Long Island is a sport-fishing Mecca. Anglers from around the globe travel to this piece of extraordinary real estate to sample its remarkable bounty of marine game fish species. Some of the best of that fishing occurs off the north shore of the Island. The waters of the central Long Island Sound are especially fertile and rich in wide variety of marine life. Harbors, beaches, bays and the open Sound are collectively ground zero for some of the finest fly and light tackle angling our region has to offer. Indigenous species, joined by migrating pelagic visitors are present seasonally in local waters, offering numerous opportunities for recreational anglers. Local area fishing literally heats up as springtime air and water temperatures rise, fueling a resurgence of many forms of baitfish, crustaceans, crabs and other varieties of prey species. The larger game fish predictably follow in hot pursuit. Fishing activity builds throughout the spring and continues into the late fall months.

Each spring brings with it a fly-fishing and light-tackle renaissance. Within the parameters of legal seasons the local angling scene revolves around a number of prominent game fish: striped bass, weakfish, hickory shad, summer flounder bluefish, Atlantic bonito, false albacore and Spanish mackerel. These great game fish provide wonderful fly and light tackle sport fishing opportunities. Fortunately for the fishing community many of these fish linger in the neighborhood, providing not only a productive season but an extended one as well. For most avid anglers, fishing exploits begin in April and end as late as mid-December. By any standards, that is a long fishing season.

The Long Island Sound is the beneficiary of time honored fish migrations from the west and east. Species like striped bass and bluefish move into the Sound either coming up the south shore and then heading north and west, or by moving through the New York Bight and East River, heading east. The Sound is a unique melting pot in that it is often the place where fish traveling from the west meet fish moving in from the east; they congregate and they stay. And as long as conditions of water temperature and bait sources remain conducive to their life styles, the game fish too will remain.

The numerous harbors that dot the Sound are very productive fishing grounds. The harbors and other protected bays and backwaters, can be quite productive in the spring striped bass and shad. The Sound is also well known for its phenomenal run summer flounder, colloquially referred to as fluke. The season for fluke typically runs from late spring until the end of summer. Bluefish also consistently roam this area and range in size from small snappers to massive “choppers” of over twenty pounds. Within the boundaries of the harbor one can explore other productive backwater areas, some even containing very fishable flats. These early season locations are ideal for a shallow draft boats or kayaks. One might also chose to wade into the Sound to surf fish or to launch a boat at one of the many launch ramps. If you have not fished this area, the services of a professional fly and light tackle charter guide will trim your learning curve and put fish on the end of your line.

Black Nose Dace and the Grease Line

The very first streamer fly I ever tied was a Black Ghost, and that was many full moons ago. I took painstaking care to craft it true to its original recipe –my tying instructor would expect no less. It was a great fly for brook trout and largemouth bass. The second streamer of my young tying career was a Black Nose Dace. It too was a terrific trout fly and also accounted for its share of freshwater bass, but it did something else - it caught schoolie striped bass as well. I tied that first simple and classic “dace” more than thirty-three years ago and it is still a favorite pattern of mine, only in a slightly different form. I fundamentally super-sized the Dace for saltwater duty and found it to be a most effective fly for bass when early season sand eels are present in back bays and harbors.

I have always been a believer in the transferability of patterns and techniques from freshwater to saltwater and vice versa. What works for one species of fish often is effective for others. I have experienced that with fish like striped bass, salmon, redfish, snook and other species that have similar feeding habits and life styles. About eighteen years ago I started converting some of my favorite freshwater streamer flies for use in saltwater. The first of those were Pacific silver salmon flies that I discovered worked well for striped bass. After sixteen trips to Alaska fishing and catching all fives species of Pacific salmon I had amassed an arsenal of very effective patterns. I began thinking that some of those flies just might work on my home waters for striped bass. After all, stripers and Pacific salmon share some similar traits: both fish are anadromous, living a portion of their lives in freshwater and saltwater; both spawn in rivers; and they have many similar feeding behaviors.

Pacific salmon are partial to bright, hot colors, especially the tidal fresh fish that are just days and weeks away from beginning their spawning metamorphosis. Colors such as pink, cerise, orange and purple are especially productive. Striped bass have a tendency to prefer more subdued colors that present the hues and tones of local baits. Once I got to tinkering with my salmon flies for stripers I made a few modifications to those silver salmon patterns, the resulting variations proving quite productive on stripers and other game fish that inhabit the northeast. I replaced the hot salmon colors with favorite bass colors: white, yellow, green chartreuse, olive, blue, red and black. I added some hackles as undulating tails, replaced the “loud” sparkle with understated flash and added some weight. Abracadabra…hocus pocus…presto-change-o…a fly that striped bass and largemouth bass love. Since making those fly conversions I frequently use my favorite classic freshwater streamer flies as the basis for saltwater patterns. It has turned out to be a fun way to experiment with flies. If you’d like to give that a try, one great classic resource book is, Streamers and Bucktails, Joseph Bates Jr. circa 1950. Its been reprinted a few time so it should be fairly easy to find.

While on the subject of streamer fly conversions I’d like to mention a salmon and steelhead casting and retrieving technique that works wonders in saltwater – the Grease Line Technique. It is especially effective when fishing streamer-type flies that have a lot of inherent action from the use of flowing materials. This line management technique allows a fly to be presented to fish with a broadside presentation. An advantage of this perspective is that a fly drifting in this fashion allows its wide profile and silhouette to be much more visible to fish. The origins of the technique extend back to European Atlantic salmon fishing and dry fly fishing. The method got its name from the practice of applying grease to silk lines to prevent them breaking the water’s surface tension and sinking.

I have found that grease lining works very well when using intermediate sink tip lines or higher density tips like Types III through VI. Using sink tips enhances the technique and allows the fly to reach deeper into the water column without having to add any additional weight to a fly. While originally applied to currents in streams and rivers for salmon and steelhead, the technique works very well in rips, seam water, and in currents where striped bass feed.

The objective of the grease line technique is to allow the fly to drift through fish holding areas with no drag to the line or fly. This enables the fly to simply float naturally through the course of the drift with the enticing movement of materials as a key attractor. As the fly nears the end of the drift and begins its upswing motion, additional action is imparted to the fly by retrieving it as one would a streamer or wet fly. It is important when employing this technique to maintain contact with the fly since fish can strike at any point during the drift. In many ways it is like drifting nymphs to trout.

The manner in which the fly is allowed to float freely throughout the course of the drift is achieved through a series of line “mends”. Mending is accomplished by picking up the line periodically during the drift and moving it back up current, thereby maintaining a drag-free flow. Using the rod, the line is actually picked up off the water and then re-positioned at a point above its last location. The combination of streamer flies and greased line is unbeatable.

Fly Fishing Long Island

FLY FISHING LONG ISLAND is now available... If your travels take you to Long Island and if you enjoy fly-fishing then this book is a must have. Fly Fishing Long Island by Angelo Peluso (WW Norton and Company/Countryman Press) is the most comprehensive guidebook ever written about freshwater and saltwater fly-fishing on Long Island.Long Island has long been known as a fisherman's paradise - now it's been rediscovered as a world-renowned saltwater fly fishing destination with equally impressive freshwater opportunities. The fall runs of striped bass, bluefish and false albacore draw anglers from far and near. The Island also boasts world-class freshwater fisheries with opportunities for sea-run brown trout and rainbow trout; bass and panfish also abound in lakes and ponds.While much has been written about various aspects of Long Island's fly fishing opportunities, Fly Fishing Long island is the first comprehensive compilation of all that Long Island has to offer. Fly Fishing Long Island highlights everything the experienced - or the novice - angler needs to know, ranging from destination information to how to catch the available variety of game fish species.Angelo is a regular columnist for the New York and Long Island edition of The Fisherman Magazine, as well as a contributor to numerous local, regional and national publications His previous book, Saltwater Flies of the Northeast, is an acclaimed best seller. His writings and photography have been recognized by the New York State Outdoor Writers Association, the Outdoor Writers Association of America and the Association of Great lakes Outdoor Writers.Angelo lives and fishes on Long Island. Copies of the book can be purchased directly from the author at angelopeluso.com or emailing him at Apdotcominfo@aol.com. The book is also available at all major retail outlets, online booksellers and various fishing shops throughout the region.

Saltwater Flies of the Northeast

The Northeast United States is home to some of the finest saltwater fishing our planet has to offer. It is a destination all serious fly anglers should fish. Saltwater Flies of the Northeast, authored by Angelo Peluso and published by Frank Amato Publishing(Portland Oregon) will serve as an essential reference guide for both beginning and advanced fly anglers and fly tyers. It is also a window on the world of some of the region's most successful fly fishermen. It contains the profiles of exceptional flies of more than 100 professional and amateur tyers, guides and captains. Their designs and patterns have been successfully fished regionally - from the southern tip of New Jersey up through the rugged coastline of Maine, and most all locations in between. Within these pages are the "go-to" designs that each contributing fly tyer, professional guide and captain uses when the going gets tough.This comprehensive book contains beautiful photographs and stunning artwork, plus descriptions and recipes for 370 of the most effective Northeast saltwater fly patterns being used today. An indispensable guide for fly tying, this book will become a "must-have" for the serious or aspiring saltwater fly tyer and fly angler on either coast.Angelo lives and fishes on Long Island. Copies of the book can be purchased directly from the author at angelopeluso.com or emailing him at Apdotcominfo@aol.com. The book is also available at all major retail outlets, online booksellers and various fishing shops throughout the region.

Anticipation

The hint of near fifty-degree temperatures that teased us all a couple weeks ago got me into a very optimistic frame of mind about the coming fishing season. I did some pre-season beach scouting and once again began to tinker with gear that lay dormant as if in some form of tackle hibernation. I took hold of all my favorite rods and one by one gave them each a very familiar flex-test, making certain they would serve me well for another season. It felt reassuring to take hold of the graphite and fiberglass wands once again. And one by one I spun the handles of my most loyal fly, spinning and bait casting reels, simply to hear the sound of the spools revolving, and to feel the mechanism’s dependable smoothness. For the reels with line still on them I gave a quick test of the drags, just to make sure they too were smooth as silk and that there would be no binding or hesitation as this year’s future trophies would try their best to terminate the tenuous connection between angler and fish. I won’t go so far as to say I caressed the tackle, but I have a favorite fishing tee shirt that reads, “My rod and reel give me comfort.” Truer words were never spoken.

I pulled out my collection of fly wallets to take inventory of favorite patterns, those I have in adequate supply and those whose stocks I still need to replenish at the tying bench. Among the flies were a number of battle tested warriors, hackles sprung loose and thread undone from sandpaper-like mouth of one too many striped bass. And there were a few flies that had seen better days before the tooth-filled maws of bluefish clamped down on them and shredded them to bits. What a way to go! One of the smaller rain bait patterns instantly brought me back to the fall run at Montauk fishing with my buddy, Captain Adrian Mason, and all the bass, blues and albies that fly fooled into thinking it was something real and alive. In do time, I will return once again to that space with fresh flies, a renewed spirit and a new batch of fish to fool. I placed all those worn flies in a pile and contemplated for a moment tossing them in the garbage can but instead dropped them in a “retirement” container along with other flies that once before also enjoyed active duty. You never know when they might provide inspiration. At minimum, they deserve to live out their remaining years with others of similar persuasion. I can only imagine the stories they will tell.

I descended next into the basement where I keep my supply of plugs, lures and all other forms of terminal gear. I needed to make sure they too were ready to serve. My boat tackle bag was the first to receive my attention. The plug boxes were in pretty neat order since my first post-season maintenance routine usually begins with me straightening out my entangled plugs mess. But one box that contains many fall favorites had escaped my due diligence. It was plug chaos at best. I sometimes fantasize that those intermingled lure bodies and hooks might just be a sign of a plug mating ritual that will result in a spawn of new year-class swimmers for me to use without having to shell out more money. But that never seems to happen. The plugs just remain intertwined in some form of spiritual bliss until I come along and ruin their fun. What struck me was that a few of my favorites seemed in perilously short supply, a direct result of my inclination not to use wire leaders when monster bluefish maraud late season baitfish. I make a mental note to use higher pound-test fluorocarbon next season. A few of my favorite bonito and false albacore plugs are in really bad shape, perhaps even beyond hope. They are actually small, modified freshwater plugs and the pelagics just beat them up mercilessly. I will attempt some plug surgery to restore some dignity so they might enjoy at least one more season with me. I hate getting rid of old plugs so I work hard at restoration. That’s the least I would want someone to do for me! Prop me up, fix me up, stick me in a pair of waders, hand me a rod and give me one more season. I hope that goes on forever! Don’t we all?

Living ones allotted time around fishing seasons is much more than a life style choice; it is a way of living ones life. And part of that process is the anticipation that comes with the arrival of a new fishing year. Sometimes, it’s the best part.

Of Flies and Plugs

I was party to a discussion recently about the optimal size for a saltwater fly. As you might imagine that dialogue was quite lively, with individual preferences all over the lot. One of the anglers suggested a pattern of about two-and-a-half inches in length was his favorite go-to size since that dimension represented most of the bait he encountered. Another angler offered six-inches as his preference, since he tended to fish most frequently during those times of season when big baits were present. And yet anther opined that flies of at least seven-and-a-half inches are ideal if one wanted to really grab the attention of striped bass and feed them a fly of substance.

When it was my turn to speak, the response was measured and a bit hedged. I fly-fish throughout all of the Long Island seasons and in so doing come upon the entire progression of bait available around Long Island, from small shrimp and crabs in the early season to larger shad, bunker and herring as the season advances. Throw in some micro rain bait that we see in the late summer and fall and the entire spectrum of bait sizes are represented. There are certainly times when one must replicate bait as closely as possible in all aspects of conformity if consistent success is to be achieved – but that is not always the case. My arsenal of flies includes pattern sizes from about an inch-and-a-half up to about eight inches. But as you have read here many times before, the most important elements of a fly’s design embrace the characteristics not only of size but of profile, silhouette and contrast as well. That said, I do have one fly wallet just chock full of one fly size that I guess would qualify as a favorite; “…that size is 4-½ inches”. My response generated a question from one of my friends, “Why 4-½ inches and not 4 or 5 inches?” I smiled since that was a very logical question considering I am not an advocate of exact anatomical precision when tying flies.

My answer was simply, “That is the size of one of the most effective swimming plugs of all times.” I was referring to the class of swimming plugs most often associated with the Rebel 4-½ straight and jointed plugs and a similar Rapala and Red Fin series of plugs. The response brought a few quizzical looks from my companions and one asked, “What does that have anything to do with a fly?” I immediately realized that he must have never fished one of those Rebel plugs, for had he done so he would have never asked that question. I’ve lost track of the number of game fish species I’ve caught on that genre of swimming plug and I know of countless anglers from Texas to Maine who have had similar experiences with that “old school” plug and others like it. The successes are endless: largemouth bass, smallmouth, stripers, redfish, snook, trout, bonito, false albacore, Spanish mackerel, pickerel, pike…the list goes on and on. Over time, 4½-inch plugs have consistently gotten the job done. And over time a 4½-inch flies have performed equally as well.

What’s so special about those specific Rebels, Rapalas or Redfins, and what
do they have to do with fly design? First off, I believe the size and action of
those plugs have proven over time to be effective at motivating fish to
strike. Game fish being opportunistic want a substantial meal that appears in
peril, and they prefer not to expend too much caloric energy chasing
down dinner. These swimming plugs can be fished “lazy”, with subtle and
enticing action. The combination of size and action work in concert to present
what appear as easy pickings. To be sure, there are plenty of other smaller
and larger plugs that are as effective as the “4-1/2 inchers ” when employed
under the right sets of circumstances. But in my case and with others I know
who’ve enjoyed these plugs, a heightened degree of confidence is always
evident when one is tied on to the end of a leader.

The fly angler can achieve the many of the same plug results with the right pattern. I’ve known tiers who toiled endlessly attempting to create an exact fly replica of these swimming plugs - a few have come very close to doing so. Many of those flies perform well, and in all cases those that do have success are close size matches to the plugs. Replicating the unique action of a Rebel or a similar-style plug is a horse of a different color. That too takes some doing but successful replica flies have incorporated a variety of natural and synthetic materials and more than just a modicum of ingenuity. One particular fly design incorporates the use of a molded plastic swim lip secured to the head region of the pattern. This innovation gives the fly surprisingly enticing action…not quite the tight motion of the plugs…but close enough to be a stimulant to the fish.

There are no absolutes in fly-fishing - or any fishing for that matter. The only constant in the fishing equation is that fish drive our response to their behavior much more than we motivate their reaction to our flies, lures and plugs. When it comes to the size of a fly, experiment with different patterns under different conditions and always let the fish tell you their preference. And make it a point to keep some 4-½ flies at the ready.

Selecting a Saltwater Fly Rod

Whether one is a novice or seasoned angler much thought typically goes into the selection of a new fishing rod, especially if it is a fly rod. While the experienced fly fisher will most likely be adding a specialty rod to an already established arsenal of gear, the newcomer is often seeking an all-round fly rod to handle diverse angling situations and conditions encountered around Long Island. Fly rods fall into the equipment category of “no one size fits all”. But for the inshore saltwater angler the selection process is made a bit easier since there are in fact a few rod styles and designs that best meet the needs of anglers who desire to toss flies to striped bass, bluefish, weakfish, false albacore and bonito. There are some pundits out there who still shroud the process of fly rod selection in opaque mystique, but buying your first saltwater fly rod need not be an anxiety filled event.

There are fundamentally two types of new entrants into the world of saltwater fly-fishing, those who have converted from freshwater and those whose initiation into the sport is through a baptism by saltwater. If you fall in to the former category you would be well served to leave many of your freshwater experiences and habits behind, especially as they pertain to casting a fly rod. In saltwater, the entire casting process slows down and the dynamics of loading a rod take on more significance.

When selecting a rod, the most important consideration is to actually cast a few models so that you have a feel for what all the labeling lingo really means. And cast the rod with some form of fly resistance at the end of the line. I always get a kick out of the parking lot cowboys who revel in how far a rod can cast without the effects of bulky fly resistance, and without the effects of actual fishing conditions. One time while on a tarpon trip in Florida I stopped at a fly fishing shop a cousin of mine frequented. The proprietor of the store raved about a new 12- weight model he had just received in stock and twisted my arm to give it a try. So out into the parking lot we went. It was a very fast-tip rod with a 13-weight sinking line spooled to the reel. That rod was like a rocket launcher. I threw several casts out of the parking lot and into the street and had no remaining fly line on the reel. It was one of those “gotta have this rod” moments, until I was brought back to reality by the facts that there was no big fly on the tippet, there was no wind, there were no rolling tarpon to frazzle my nerves and I wasn’t trying to balance myself on a small casting platform while listening to a cantankerous Everglades guide bark out distance and watch face commands at me – “Tarpon 11 o’clock, 25 yards…cast, cast, cast!” I resisted the temptation to shell out a few hundred bucks for that rod and maintained faith in my tried and true travel rod. In the end, we landed two tarpon on the fly that trip and jumped a few more.

Most fly rod blanks are described as having parabolic actions that are full-flex, mid-flex or tip-flex in their design. Simply put, this means slow, medium and fast action blanks. If you envision a blank loading under the weight of a line being false cast, a full-flex blank will behave much like the designation implies, the flex will be spread throughout the entire blank, from the tip to the butt section. A mid-flex action involves those portions of the blank from the tip to the mid-region of the rod. And lastly, a tip-flex rod will have most all of its action contained in the tip section of the rod. This latter form of rod action is most commonly referred to as being “fast”. Most saltwater fly anglers will opt for rods that are mid or tip-flex models. One advantage of a mid-flex rod for the new fly angler is that the action is much more forgiving of the casting errors that typically come with the learning process, and before a level of consistent casting proficiency is achieved. On the flip side most anglers I know choose fast tip rods. In average to good casting hands tip-flex rods can load heavier lines very effectively and efficiently, and adjust well to those fly rodders who like to step-up their lines one size. As well, a fast tip can offer quick loading for speedy shots at cruising fish. Either action would serve you well for most all inshore applications.

If I had to choose one size fly rod as a standard all-arounder for Long Island use it would be a 9-foot, 9-weight, fast-tip model. That type rod is one I employ for about 75% of my local fly-fishing. It gives me range for most all of my beach, boat and kayak fishing for bass, blues, bonito, albies, Spanish mackerel and weakfish. I occasionally can size a 10-weight line on it and I can effectively fish a 300-grain sink tip. While the 9-weight is my go-to fly rod I must admit to enjoying the benefits of a 10-weight when throwing larger flies or when I go dredging with very high-grain sinking tips. I will often resort to an 11-weight when tossing large top-water popper for big, tenacious bluefish.

A good entry level 9-weight need not break the bank either. There are quite a few models on the market right now that are moderately priced. If you’d like a few recommendations shoot me an email and I’ll suggest a few.